Detroit Diesel Series 60 Service Manual Espa Ol

Section 1.28
Camshaft and Camshaft Bearing

The Series 60 camshaft is located on top of the cylinder head, just below the valve cover. The camshaft actuates the intake and exhaust valves and injector operating mechanism. See Figure 'Camshaft and Related Parts' .‪

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This manual discusses the proper application and installation of the Detroit Diesel Series 50 and Series 60 engine. The intention of this manual is to provide information in general terms so that it.
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Figure 1. Camshaft and Related Parts

Note: The Series 60G camshaft has no injector lobe on the cam.

The camshaft is supported by seven bearing assemblies, consisting of precision-type, replaceable bearing shell inserts that are split at their center lines. Current non-tin-plated production bearing shells are identified by their shiny aluminum color. Current tin-plated service bearing shells have a dull gray sheen. The lower bearing shell is positioned in a saddle that is integral with the cylinder head. The upper bearing shell is held in place by a machined camshaft cap. Upper and lower bearing shells are identical and have locating tangs and oil holes. Only the upper bearing shell oil holes index with oil supply holes in the camshaft caps. See Figure 'Camshaft and Related Parts' . These camshaft caps are precision line-bored after assembly to the cylinder head. Caps are NOT interchangeable once the head is finished. Caps are numbered and must NOT be interchanged with other caps of the same part number from stock or from a different cylinder head.‪

1. Dowel‪	6. Stud, Camshaft Cap (2)‪
2. Bearing Shells‪	7. Camshaft Cap‪
3. Bolt, Camshaft Cover‪	8. Camshaft‪
4. Rear, Camshaft Access Cover‪	9. O-ring‪
5. Bolt, Camshaft Cap (13)‪	10. Cylinder Head‪

Figure 2. Camshaft and Related Parts

The No. 4 camshaft cap is secured to the cylinder head with three bolts; cap numbers 2, 3, 5, and 6 use two bolts each. Caps one and seven have a stud and one bolt each. The stud and nut arrangement on the end caps (1 and 7) allows rocker arm shaft removal without disturbing the gasket eliminator seal from the end camshaft caps to the cylinder head. There are four different camshaft cap configurations. Only the intermediate caps No. 2, 3, 5, and 6 are identical but must not be interchanged during re-assembly. See Figure 'Camshaft Bolt and Cap Location' .‪

1. Camshaft Cap Bolt (13)‪

2. Camshaft Cap Stud and Nut (2)‪

Figure 3. Camshaft Bolt and Cap Location

The camshaft is driven by a camshaft drive gear, located in the gear case at the front of the engine and is driven, through a series of intermediate gears, by the crankshaft timing gear. Refer to '1.24.2.1 Check Engine Timing' for gear train information and camshaft drive gear lash measurement and adjustment procedures. See Figure 'Engine Gear Train' .‪

Figure 4. Engine Gear Train

The camshaft drive gear is indexed to the camshaft drive gear hub by a Woodruff key and retained by a bolt which goes through the camshaft drive gear and hub and threads into the end of the camshaft. The camshaft has a dowel which indexes and fits into the mating hole in the camshaft hub. See Figure 'Cross-Section of Camshaft Drive Gear and Related Parts' .‪

1. Woodruff Key‪	5. Seal Groove‪
2. Camshaft Drive Gear Hub‪	6. Camshaft Dowel Hole‪
3. Camshaft Drive Gear‪	7. Camshaft Thrust Plate‪
4. O-ring Groove‪	‪

Figure 5. Cross-Section of Camshaft Drive Gear and Related Parts

The camshaft hub is located in the camshaft thrust plate, which is positioned in an opening in the gear case housing. See Figure 'Camshaft Thrust Plate and Related Parts' .‪

1. Bolt, Thrust Plate Retaining (2) or (3)‪	6. Gear Case‪
2. Bolt, Camshaft Hub Retaining‪	7. Seal, Thrust Plate‪
3. Drive Gear, Camshaft‪	8. Camshaft‪
4. Thrust Plate, Camshaft‪	9. Key‪
5. O-ring‪	10. Hub‪

Figure 6. Camshaft Thrust Plate and Related Parts

Access openings are provided in the gear case cover for camshaft drive gear lash adjustment and camshaft retaining bolt removal. See Figure 'Camshaft Drive Gear Access Cover and Adjustable Idler Gear Access' .‪

Detroit 60 Service Manual

Figure 7. Camshaft Drive Gear Access Cover and Adjustable Idler Gear Access

A cover is provided at the rear end of the camshaft and is secured to the No. 7 camshaft bearing cap and the cylinder head by three bolts.See Figure 'Rear Camshaft Access Cover' .‪

Figure 8. Rear Camshaft Access Cover

Vertical oil passages at the front and rear of the cylinder head deliver oil from the cylinder block front and rear oil galleries to the No. 1 and 7 lower camshaft bearing saddles. From there, the oil is directed up ward ( through the enlarged stud hole) to the No. 1 and 7 upper bearing caps. A drilled passage in each of these caps exits at the rocker arm shaft seat area, where it indexes with a hole in each rocker arm shaft. The rocker arm shafts have internal oil passages that deliver oil to the rocker arm bushings and intermediate upper camshaft bearings. Some of the oil supplied to the rocker arm bushing passes through the oil hole in the bushing to the rocker arm. The rocker is drilled to supply oil to the camshaft follower, roller pin, and bushing. The rocker is also drilled to supply oil to the valve adjusting screw, valve button, retainer clip, intake, and exhaust valve stems and the fuel injector follower. The No. 4 camshaft cap is “Y” drilled, forming an oil path connection between the front and rear rocker arm shafts, to ensure complete lubrication. See Figure 'Cylinder Head Lubrication Schematic' .‪

1. Rocker Arm, Exhaust Valve‪	4. Rocker Arm Shaft‪
2. Rocker Arm, Fuel Injector‪	5. Cylinder Head‪
3. Camshaft Cap‪	6. Rocker Arm, Intake Valve‪

Figure 9. Cylinder Head Lubrication Schematic

Section 1.28.1
Repair or Replacement of Camshaft and Camshaft Bearing

To determine if repair or replacement of the camshaft and camshaft bearings is necessary, perform the following procedure. See Figure 'Flowchart for Repair or Replacement of Camshaft and Related Parts' .‪

Figure 10. Flowchart for Repair or Replacement of Camshaft and Related Parts

Section 1.28.2
Removal of Camshaft and Camshaft Bearing

Removal of camshaft and camshaft bearings as follows:‪

Remove the valve rocker cover. Refer to '1.6.2 Removal and Cleaning of One-piece Rocker Cover For Diesel Engines Only' (one-piece), refer to '1.6.3 Removal and Cleaning of Two-piece Rocker Cover For Diesel Engines Only' (two-piece), refer to '1.6.5 Removal and Cleaning of Three-piece Rocker Cover' (three-piece).
Remove the five bolts that secure the camshaft drive gear access cover to the gear case. See Figure 'Camshaft Drive Gear Access Cover and Adjustable Idler Gear Access' .

Remove both rocker arm shaft assemblies. Refer to '1.3.2 Removal of Rocker Arm Assembly' .

NOTICE:
Only retaining tool (J–35652–B) , should be used to hold the camshaft drive gear stationary while loosening or tightening the camshaft drive gear-to-camshaft bolt. Other tools or devices can cause engine damage.‪

Insert the shoe of the camshaft drive gear torque retaining tool (J–35652–B) through a lightening hole of the camshaft drive gear.
Bar the engine over slightly to position the camshaft drive gear holding tool so that the bolt holes in the holding tool align with the access cover bolt holes in the gear case cover, using the 3/4 in. square hole in the center of the crankshaft pulley.
Install retaining tool (J–35652–B) to the gear case, engaging one of the lightening holes in the camshaft drive gear. Use two of the access cover bolts to secure the tool to the gear case. See Figure 'Camshaft Drive Gear Torque Holding Tool Installation' .
Figure 11. Camshaft Drive Gear Torque Holding Tool Installation
Use a long 3/4 in. drive breaker bar and a 27 mm impact socket to remove the camshaft drive gear-to-camshaft bolt.
Remove the camshaft drive gear torque holding tool from the gear case.
Rotate the crankshaft, using the square hole in the middle of the crankshaft pulley, to align the lightening holes in the camshaft drive gear to the camshaft thrust plate mounting bolts.
Remove the camshaft thrust plate mounting bolts carefully, to avoid dropping them into the gear case. The current plate uses three bolts, the former plate requires two bolts. See Figure 'Camshaft Thrust Plate Mounting Bolt Locations' .
Note: A clean shop towel may be inserted into the gear case opening to trap the bolts in case they are dropped. Do not allow the shop towel to drop into the gear case.
1. Camshaft Thrust Plate Mounting Bolt Locations‪
Figure 12. Camshaft Thrust Plate Mounting Bolt Locations
Install pilot tool (J–35906) to the camshaft drive gear access opening using three of the access cover bolt holes. Engage the puller screw in the threads of the camshaft drive gear hub, until the screw is tight. See Figure 'Camshaft Thrust Plate Remover' .
Figure 13. Camshaft Thrust Plate Remover
Continue turning the puller screw to pull the camshaft drive gear hub and thrust plate forward approximately 6-7 mm (1/4 in.) until the thrust plate seal is clear of the camshaft front bearing cap and cylinder head. See Figure 'Camshaft Thrust Plate Clearance' .
Figure 14. Camshaft Thrust Plate Clearance
Remove the three bolts that secure the rear camshaft cover to the engine and remove the cover.
Remove the remaining seven camshaft cap bolts. Remove the No. 1 and 7 studs using socket tool (J–44706) . See Figure 'Camshaft Cap Stud Removal' .
Figure 15. Camshaft Cap Stud Removal
Remove the seven camshaft bearing caps and the upper bearing shells. Keep the caps and shells together for possible later installation. Tag the bearing cap location, as they must always be installed in the same location.
The camshaft gear pilot tool will remain in place, holding the camshaft drive gear in contact with the adjustable idler gear, to prevent accidental disengagement. This arrangement makes it unnecessary to re-time the gear train.
Note: The camshaft gear can go out of time if the pilot tool is removed.
Slide the camshaft rearward to completely disengage the dowel from the hub. Lift out the camshaft.
Remove the lower camshaft bearing shells, and group them with the upper shells and caps for possible reuse.

Section 1.28.3
Disassembly of Camshaft and Camshaft Bearing

Refer to '1.29.2 Removal of Camshaft Drive Gear' for disassembly of camshaft drive gear, camshaft hub and thrust plate assembly.‪

Note: Disassembly of camshaft and drive gear assembly is not required for inspection. Disassembly will require timing of the camshaft gear again.

For Series 60 engines equipped with Compact Gear Train Assembly disassemble camshaft from the camshaft gear as follows.‪

Use suitable fixture to secure the camshaft assembly from movement.
Install a heavy duty gear puller capable of withstanding the 48260 kPa (7000 psi) required to remove the gear from the camshaft. Support the backside of the camshaft gear cover as close to the camshaft as possible to prevent damaging the gear cover and gently press the camshaft off the gear holding the camshaft as it is pressed through the gear. Removing the camshaft gear and cover together.
NOTICE‪
Extreme care must be taken not to support the camshaft gear cover at the outer edges.‪

Section 1.28.3.1
Inspection of Camshaft and Camshaft Bearing

Inspect camshaft and camshaft bearings as follows:‪

Clean all of the removed parts in clean fuel oil.
Ensure all oil passages are clear.
EYE INJURY‪
To avoid injury from flying debris when using compressed air, wear adequate eye protection (face shield or safety goggles) and do not exceed 276 kPa (40 psi) air pressure.‪
Dry with compressed air.
Inspect the rocker arm components for scoring. Refer to '1.3.2.2 Inspection of Rocker Arm Assemblies and Camshaft Lobes' .
Replace damaged rocker arm components.
Inspect the camshaft lobes and journals for scoring, pitting, or flat spots.
Note: Camshafts may exhibit surface pits on the exhaust lobes. See Figure 'Camshafts Acceptable for Reuse' . Extensive durability and field testing has shown that surface pits on the exhaust lobes can occur early in the operation of the engine. These blemishes do not adversely affect engine performance or the durability of the camshaft and followers. Camshafts with this condition may be reused.
Figure 16. Camshafts Acceptable for Reuse
Note: Camshafts exhibiting extensive wear and pitting must be replaced. See Figure 'Camshafts Not Acceptable for Reuse' .
Figure 17. Camshafts Not Acceptable for Reuse
If the camshaft is scored, inspect the camshaft follower rollers.
Replace damaged camshaft followers.
If there is a doubt as to the acceptability of the camshaft for further service, determine the extent of camshaft lobe wear as follows:
Note: The camshaft can be in or out of the engine during this procedure.
1. Using a feeler gage, 0.038-0.254 mm (0.0015 -0.010 in.) and a piece of square, hard material 3 x 10 x 25 mm (1/8 in. x 3/8 in. x 1 in.), measure the flat on the injector rise side of the camshaft lobes and nose of valve lobes. See Figure 'Checking Camshaft Lobe Wear' .
2. If the flats measure greater than 0.076 mm (0.003 in.) in depth and there are no other camshaft defects, replace the camshaft.
3. Inspect the camshaft bearings for signs of excessive wear, scoring or pitting.
4. Replace camshaft bearings as necessary.
5. Check the camshaft bearing clearance using plastic gaging material under each upper shell.
6. Allowable clearance is 0.09 - 0.166 mm (0.0035 -0.0065 in.) or a maximum of 0.191 mm (0.0075 in.) with used parts.
7. Replace excessively worn or scored parts.
8. After completing the camshaft bearing clearance measurements, remove the rocker arm shafts, bearing caps, camshaft, and camshaft bearings. Keep the caps and shells together for possible reuse.
9. Clean all of the plastic gaging material from the bearing shells and camshaft journals if used parts are to be reused.
10. Remove all of the Gasket Eliminator from both the cylinder head and camshaft caps. Refer to 'Cleaning' in the 'General Information' section at the beginning of this manual.
11. Coat the No. 1 and 7 bearing shell inserts with clean engine oil and install them to their respective locations in the cylinder head and camshaft caps.
12. Install the camshaft to its normal position in the bearing saddles. Install the No. 1 and 7 camshaft caps to the cylinder head.
13. Install the No. 1 and 7 camshaft cap outboard bolts and inboard studs and torque, using socket tool (J–44706) to the studs to 126–146 N·m (93–108 lb·ft).
14. Using a dial indicator with magnetic base, check the run-out of the camshaft at the No. 4 bearing journal. See Figure 'Camshaft Run-out Measurement' . If camshaft run-out exceeds 0.050 mm (0.002 in.), replace the camshaft

EYE INJURY‪
To avoid injury from flying debris when using compressed air, wear adequate eye protection (face shield or safety goggles) and do not exceed 276 kPa (40 psi) air pressure.‪

Section 1.28.4
Assembly of Camshaft and Camshaft Bearing

Refer to '1.29.3 Installation of Camshaft Drive Gear' for assembly of camshaft drive gear, camshaft hub and thrust plate assembly.‪

Detroit Diesel Series 60 Service Manual Espa Ol

Section 1.28.5
Installation of Camshaft and Camshaft Bearing

Install the camshaft and camshaft bearings as follows:‪

Coat the lower camshaft bearing shells with clean engine lubricating oil, and install them to their original positions. Note the position of oil holes and locating tangs.
Note: If new bearings are to be installed, the upper and lower shells MUST be replaced as a set.
EYE INJURY‪
To avoid injury from flying debris when using compressed air, wear adequate eye protection (face shield or safety goggles) and do not exceed 276 kPa (40 psi) air pressure.‪
When installing a new camshaft, steam clean it to remove the rust preventive and blow dry with compressed air.
Before installing the camshaft dowel into the camshaft hub, ensure that the dimple in the thrust plate is located at the 12 o'clock position to properly position bolt holes to cam cap and cylinder head. See Figure 'Indexing Camshaft Dowel' .
Figure 20. Indexing Camshaft Dowel
Coat the lobes and journals of the camshaft with clean engine lubricating oil. Index the dowel pin in the camshaft with the dowel hole in the camshaft hub.
Lower the camshaft into position and slide the camshaft forward, making certain that the camshaft dowel indexes with its mating hole in the camshaft thrust plate hub.

EYE INJURY‪
To avoid injury from flying debris when using compressed air, wear adequate eye protection (face shield or safety goggles) and do not exceed 276 kPa (40 psi) air pressure.‪

Install the upper bearing shells to the No. 1, 4 and 7 camshaft caps, noting the position of the oil holes and locating tangs.

NOTICE:
Do not apply oil to the number 1 or number 7 camshaft bearing shells. These shells must be clean and dry for proper sealant application. Applying oil to the number 1 or number 7 shells may result in oil leakage from the camshaft bearing caps. NOTE: The camshaft will still have adequate clearance from the number 1 and number 7 shells due to the oil film thickness on bearings 2 through 6.‪

Coat the number 2 through number 6 bearing shells with clean engine lubricating oil.
For engines built after May 1999, a race track seal is used on the Number 1 bearing cap. For bearing cap Number 7, use one rubber O-ring in the counterbore in the cylinder head. Before assembling the camshaft cap to the cylinder head, ensure the O-ring is in place on the cylinder head.

For engines built prior to May 1999, install the two rubber O-rings to the counterbores in the cylinder head at the Number 1 and 7 camshaft cap locations. Before assembling the camshaft caps to the cylinder head, ensure the two O-rings are in place on the cylinder head.

NOTICE:
For proper adhesion, assemble parts while RTV is wet. So not allow RTV to form a skin. Gasket Eliminator must be kept from the bearing shell sets and bearing surfaces. Gasket Eliminator cures with the absence of air. The length of time between installation of the Number 1 and 7 camshaft caps, and torquing the camshaft cap bolts and nuts should be kept to a minimum or improper lubrication will result causing engine damage.‪

NOTICE:

For proper adhesion, assemble parts while RTV is wet. So not allow RTV to form a skin. Gasket Eliminator must be kept from the bearing shell sets and bearing surfaces. Gasket Eliminator cures with the absence of air. The length of time between installation of the Number 1 and 7 camshaft caps, and torquing the camshaft cap bolts and nuts should be kept to a minimum or improper lubrication will result causing engine damage.‪

Clean and dry the camshaft bearing cap joint face surfaces as well as the portions of the cylinder head face that mate with. These areas must be clean and dry for proper sealant adhesion. Use LPS®, Permatex®, or an equivalent non-filming degreaser.
Apply a continuous 1.6 mm (1/16 in.) bead of DDC gasket eliminator part number 23523064, or equivalent, to the joint face surfaces of the No. 1 and 7 camshaft caps. The bead must extend to the front edge of both caps. See Figure 'Gasket Eliminator Application' .
Figure 21. Gasket Eliminator Application
Install the No. 1, 4 and 7 camshaft caps, with bearing shells in place, to their respective locations.
Install and tighten the two inboard studs and outboard bolts on bearing caps No. 1 and 7 using socket tool (J–44706) , torque to 126–146 N·m (93–108 lb·ft).
Install the No. 4 bearing cap outboard bolt and torque it to 126-146 N·m (93-108 lb·ft).
Remove the three bolts holding the camshaft gear pilot tool(J–35906) to the gear case. Remove the camshaft gear pilot.
Working through the camshaft drive gear access hole in the front of the gear case, tap the center of the camshaft drive gear with a fiber mallet or plastic hammer to move the camshaft thrust plate, hub and camshaft drive gear rearward in the gear case until the camshaft thrust plate bolts can be started in the cylinder head and No. 1 camshaft cap.
NOTICE:
Use care to ensure that the camshaft dowel is not disengaged during this step or damage to engine may result.‪
NOTICE:
Use care to prevent dropping thrust plate mounting bolts into the gear case. If not removed, fasteners dropped into the gear case may cause severe engine damage during start-up.‪
Install the thrust plate mounting bolts through the thrust plate and into the cylinder head and No. 1 camshaft cap. Using a 13 mm socket and ratchet, tighten the bolts alternately and progressively to draw the thrust plate straight into the gear case. Torque the bolts to 30-38 N·m (22-28 lb·ft).

NOTICE:
Use care to ensure that the camshaft dowel is not disengaged during this step or damage to engine may result.‪

NOTICE:
Use care to prevent dropping thrust plate mounting bolts into the gear case. If not removed, fasteners dropped into the gear case may cause severe engine damage during start-up.‪

Coat the threads and underside of the head of the camshaft drive gear-to-camshaft bolt with International Compound #2 (or equivalent). Install the bolt to the camshaft, finger-tighten.

Note: The camshaft should be held in place while starting the camshaft drive gear-to-camshaft bolt, to prevent disengaging the camshaft dowel from the thrust plate hub and requiring disassembly and timing of camshaft.

NOTICE:
Only retaining tool (J–35652–B) should be used to hold the camshaft drive gear stationary while loosening or tightening the camshaft drive gear-to-camshaft bolt to prevent component damage.‪

Insert retaining tool (J–35652–B) through a lightening hole of the camshaft drive gear.
Bar the engine over slightly to position the camshaft drive gear holding tool so that the bolt holes in the holding tool align with the access cover bolt holes in the gear case cover using the 3/4 in. square hole in the center of the crankshaft pulley to bar the engine over.
Install two of the access cover bolts to secure the tool to the gear case.
Torque bolt to 75 N·m (55 lb·ft).
Turn bolt an additional 120 degrees. See Figure 'Torque Turn Limits' .
Figure 22. Torque Turn Limits
Remove the camshaft drive gear torque retaining tool (J–35652–B) .
Adjust the camshaft drive gear-to-adjustable idler gear lash. Refer to '1.24.2.1 Check Engine Timing' .
Note: Correct camshaft drive gear lash adjustment depends on the bolt and stud for No. 1 and 7 camshaft caps, the outboard bolt on No. 4 camshaft cap, and the camshaft drive gear-to-camshaft retaining bolt being tightened to the specified torque. However, the valve and injector spring pressures will not allow correct camshaft rotation. Therefore, do NOT install the rocker arm shaft assemblies before the camshaft gear lash has been measured and adjusted.

Section 1.28.5.1
Test of Camshaft End Play